REPORTED (= INDIRECT) SPEECH
(Indirekte Rede)
| 1. Is the reporting verb in the past form (said, told,...) you have to change the tense. | |||
| (Steht das reporting verb in der Mitvergangenheit (said, told,...) ändert sich die Zeitform.) | |||
| Direct speech |
Indirect speech |
Direct Speech |
Indirect speech |
|
|
|
||
|
Present simple |
Past simple |
go |
went |
|
|
|
||
|
Present progressive |
Past progressive |
am/is/are going |
was/were going |
|
|
|
||
|
Past simple |
Past perfect |
went |
had gone |
|
|
|
||
|
Past progressive |
Past perfect progressive |
was/were going |
had been going |
|
|
|
||
|
Present perfect simple |
Past perfect |
has/have gone |
had gone |
|
|
|
||
|
Present perfect progressive |
Past perfect progressive |
has/have been going |
had been going |
|
|
|
||
|
Future |
Conditional I |
will go |
would go |
| Example: Peter said: "Carol is a nice girl." Peter said (that) Carol was a nice girl. | |||
| 2. When you form the reported speech you have to pay attention that the pronouns refer to the correct person. | |||
| (Bei der Bildung der reported speech ist darauf zu achten, dass sich die Fürwörter auf die richtige Person beziehen.) | |||
| Examples: | Susan said: "My parents are clever scientists." | ||
| Susan said (that) her parents were clever scientists. | |||
| Tom said: "I like PE best." | |||
Tom said (that) he liked PE best. |
|||
| They said: "We went swimming with our friends." | |||
| They said (that) they had gone swimming with their friend. | |||
| Betty said: "Sam told me the truth." | |||
| Betty said (that) Sam had told her the truth. | |||
| Direct speech | Indirect speech | ||
| She said | I - my - me | she - her - her | |
| He said | I - my - me | he - his - him | |
| They said | they - their - them | we - our - us | |
| You and your: |
| They told her / him / me / them / us: "George loves you." |
| They told her / him / me / them / us (that) George loved her / him / me / them / us. |
| They told her / him / me / them / us: "George loves your sister." |
| They told her / him / me / them / us (that) George loved her / his / my / their / our sister. |
| They told her / him / me / them / us: "You are clever." |
| They told her / him / me / them / us (that) she / he / I / they / we was / were clever. |
| 3. Expressions of time and place must also be changed. | ||
| (Zeit- und Ortsangaben ändern sich ebenfalls.) | ||
|
Direct speech |
Indirect speech |
|
|
|
||
|
Time |
now |
then |
|
today |
that day |
|
|
yesterday |
the day before |
|
|
tomorrow |
the next / following day |
|
|
last week, month,... |
the previous week, month,... |
|
|
next week, month,... |
the following week, month,... |
|
|
|
||
|
Place |
here |
there |
|
this |
that |
|
|
these |
those |
|
|
|
|
|
| Examle: She said: "I have already seen Carol today." | ||
| She said (that) she had already seen Carol that day. | ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EXERCISE 8 |
|
EXERCISE 9 |
|
EXERCISE 10 |
|
EXERCISE 11 |
|
EXERCISE 12 |
|
