Die Modalverben

Modalverben (modal verbs), auch Hilfszeitwörter genannt, sind Verben, die Notwendigkeit, Fähigkeit, Erlaubnis und Möglichkeit ausdrücken. Sie werden auch verwendet um Anfragen und Angebote zu machen. Die am häufigsten verwendeten Hilfszeitwörter sind can, may und must. Diese modal verbs haben keine Mitvergangenheit (außer can) und kein past participle (3. Form des Verbs). Daher können wir sie nur in der Gegenwart verwenden. Um andere Zeiten auszudrücken, müssen wir Ersatzformen anwenden.

CAN - MAY - MUST (können - dürfen - müssen)

Kein -s nach he, she, it

Beispiele:

He can speak English. - She may go there. - It must sleep now. - My sister can juggle.

Kein do, does in Fragen und Verneinungen

Beispiele:

Can you come? Sorry, I cannot. - May he come to your party? No, he must not.

She cannot come at 10.

Ersatzformen:

can → to be able to

must → have to

may → to be allowed to

CAN – TO BE ABLE TO

I can drive. = I am able to drive.

Present tense - Past tense

I am able to drive. - I was able to drive.

He, she, it is able to drive. - He, she, it was able to drive.

You, we, they are able to drive. - You, we, they were able to drive.

Present perfect - Will - future

I have been able to drive. - I will be able to drive.

He, she, it has been able to drive. - He, she, it will be able to drive.

You, we, they have been able to drive. - You, we, they will be able to drive.

MUST – HAVE TO

I must study. = I have to study.

Present tense - Past tense

I, you, we, they have to study. - I, you, we, they had to study.

He, she, it has to study. - He, she, it had to study.

Present perfect - Will – future

I, you, we, they have had to study. - I, you, we, they will have to study.

He, she, it has had to study. - He, she, it will have to study.

MAY – BE ALLOWED TO

I may go out. = I am allowed to go out.

Present tense - Past tense

I am allowed to go. - I was allowed to go.

He, she, it is allowed to go. - He, she, it was allowed to go.

You, we, they are allowed to go. - You, we, they were allowed to go.

Present perfect - Will – future

I have been allowed to go. - I will be allowed to go.

He, she, it has been allowed to go. - He, she, it will be allowed to go.

You, we, they have been allowed to go. - You, we, they will be allowed to go.

Übungen

Modalverben - Übung 1 - can, may, must

Modalverben - Übung 2 - can, may, must

Modalverben - Übung 3 - gemischte Verben

Modalverben - Übung 4 - gemischte Verben

Modalverben - Übung 5 - gemischte Verben

Modalverben - Übung 6 - can, need, must und should

Question Tags mit Modalverben - Übung

Modalverben - Multiple Choice Übung 1 - could, should, might

To be allowed to - Multiple Choice Übung - gemischte Zeitformen